塑膠顏料兩階段聚合－反應機構及形態之探討

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Title:	塑膠顏料兩階段聚合－反應機構及形態之探討
Other Titles:	Studies on the Mechanism and the Morphology of the Plastic Pigment by Two Stage Emulsion Polymerization
Authors:	吳銘洪
Contributors:	造紙印刷研究所
Keywords:	塑膠顏料兩階段乳化聚合單體聚合粒子交連劑成核機構粒子形態
Date:	1995
Issue Date:	2010-08-03 11:33:13 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	塑膠顏料被應用於紙張塗佈工程，讓紙張在白度、光澤度、平滑度以及印刷適性等有更卓越的表現。其製造方法為乳化聚合法，聚合顏料之性質主要和 (1)有、無乳化劑， (2)起始劑的用量， (3)單體的組成，(4)交連劑的是否存在以及(5)反應條件等因素有關。本研究採用二階段種子聚合法，探討第一階段粒子的成核機構，並改變不同的聚合條件：在疏水性單體和親水性單體的聚合系統中，隨著親水性單體比例的增加，可以增快反應速率，但過多的親水性單體會迼成粒子形態較為模糊。起始劑濃度的增高，反應速率會加快，但粒子大小會變小。交連劑的加入，使得反應速率變快，並會形成立體網狀結構，提高了玻璃轉化溫度(Tg)，並有助於形態上的變化。可將線型種粒子在二階段聚合時，藉由添加交連劑，形成IPNs 型二階段粒子，再加以酮軟化、鹼膨潤以及酸中和 ( 還原 ) 等步驟，達到粒子內部中空或是多孔的形態。一階段 IPNs 型之種粒子，可以用烷類等含浸軟化後，再加以二階段聚合反應亦可以獲得中空或是表面凹陷的粒子，並以電子顯微鏡 (TEM、 SEM) 證明之。 Plastic pigment are used in coated paper and paperboaLrd to improve the properties of bright, gloss, smoothness and printability. The fundamentals of the technology is to emphasize on emulsion polymerization. The characteristics of polymeric pigment depend on such as the existence of the surfactant, the amount of the initiator, polymer comosition, crosslinking agent and the condition of polymerization. In this study, the latex was synthesized by the method of seeded emulsion polymerization. The nucleation mechanism during the first stage was probed and by changing the parameters of polymerization some results are obtained. When both of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers exist in the polymerization system, with the increase of hydrophilic monomer ratio, the rate of the the reaction will speed up. But excessive hydrophilic monomer will make the particle a little indistinct. Increasing the concentration of the initiator will raise the reaction rate. In contrast, the particle size will decrease. As soon as the crosslinking agent enter the system, the reaction rate will also get speedily and the particle will take shape in the form of interpenetration polymer networks. Glass transition temperature of the reaction products will be advanced and the IPNs will assist on the morphology transposition of the second polymerization process. During the second polymerization stage of the linear seed particle, by using the crosslinking agent made the particle became IPNs constitution. Then after ketone softened, alkali swelled and acid reduced series processes,particles will form single or multiple void morphology. If first stage's IPNs seeds are softened by alkane, then go on adding some prepolymer could also acquire the anomalous particles. All above results are testified by using TEM and SEM.
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Information Communications & Graduate Institute of Information Communications ] thesis

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