| 摘要: | 隨著科技、醫療技術及公共衛生的進步、國人平均壽命大幅延長，高齡人口的長期照顧，已經是台灣極其迫切的議題。為避免因龐大的長照支出擠壓政府財政預算，排擠其他福利或帶來財務困窘。本研究建置以下兩組回歸實證模型 (1)民眾長照負擔模型與(2)民眾長照財源選擇模型，希望深入分析「保險制」和「稅收制」對民眾、社會或政府造成的負擔，進而比較兩種制度下消費者的長照需求與長照機構提供的服務之效益異同，從而探索長照制度永續經營的要素。研究對象為40歲以上的雙北市民眾進行問卷調查，合計回收120份有效消費者問卷，模型分析發現如下：(1)消費者特徵變數、經濟來源、照護方式、政府負擔、長照機構考慮因素及長照2.0服務需求對於兩種長照負擔的影響均不顯著，(2)預期照護花費對兩種長照負擔均有正向顯著影響，說明民眾對於長期照顧的財務負擔相當理性，若預期照護花費愈高，民眾願意負擔的程度也會越高，兩種長照籌措財源制度下(保險制vs.稅收制)皆然。最後，依據研究結論提出建議，並希望此研究可以幫助政府修訂長照政策制定未來的方針及長照機構經營規劃的參考與借鏡。
With the advancement of science and technology, medical technology and public health, the average life of the Chinese people has been greatly extended, Taiwan also follows other advanced countries and faces the problem of aging. The long-term care of the elderly population has reached an urgent point.
In order to avoid squeezing the government’s budget by huge long-term spending, crowding out other benefits or causing financial distress. This study aims to build two sets of regression empirical models: (1) the model of the people's long-term burden and (2) the model of the long-term financial resources selection. It is hoped that an in-depth analysis of the burden of the "insurance system" and "tax system" on the people, society or government will be ompared with the similarities and benefits of the long-term demand of consumers under the two systems, ., so as to explore the elements of sustainable development of the long-term system. The research objective was conducted by a questionnaire survey of people in Shuangbei City over the age of 40. A total of 120 valid consumer questionnaires were collected.
The findings of the model analysis are as follows: (1) the effect of consumer characteristics variables, economic sources, care methods, government burden, and long-term institutions considerations and long-term 2.0 service demand have no significant impact on both long-term burdens, and (2) The expected care cost has a positive and significant impact on both long-term burdens, indicating that the financial burden on long-term care is quite rational.
The higher the expected cost of care, the higher the willingness of the public to bear, both under the two long-term financing systems (insurance vs. taxation).
Last but not the least, according to the research findings, recommendations are made, and it is hoped that this study can help the government to revise the long-term care policy to formulate future guidelines and reference and prospects for the long-term management plan. |
