論剩餘財產分配請求權

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題名:	論剩餘財產分配請求權 The Claim for Distribution of Residual Marital Property
作者:	郭欽銘
貢獻者:	法律系
關鍵詞:	民法第一千零三十條之一剩餘財產所得分配所得共同家事勞動評價法定財產聯合財產夫妻財產兩性平等交易安全交易秩序
日期:	2002-03
上傳時間:	2016-09-22 14:09:34 (UTC+8)
摘要:	民國七十四年六月三日增訂之民法第一千零三十條之一，乃正式評價妻之家事勞動價值，較能保護家庭主婦之利益。其影響規妻生活匪淺，重要性不言而喻。然前揭條文看似簡易，於適用上，卻存有諸多疑義，尤其未能解決婚姻中夫妻之一方故意減少財產，致影響他方未來剩餘財產分配之問題，有使本條成為具文之虞。本文擬對實務上具原則重要性之若干議題，嘗試提出解決之道。另一方面，正因前揭條文過於簡易，顯有修法之必要。目前有關夫妻法定財產制之修正建議，可分為二大類：一為所得分配制，以類政院會銜司法院送請立法院審議中之修法草案為代表；另一為勞力所得共同制，以林菊枝教授所授之版本為代，筆者嘗試對前開二種建議類型，提陳管見，而認理想之夫妻財產制，應以貫徹兩性平等，保護交易安全，維持圓滿之婚姻關係為其目的，以「交易秩序」應較「兩性平等」優先予以保障，因「兩性平等」僅關乎夫、妻中一人之利益，而「交易安全」則與不特定多數人息息相關，故應以後者為重。從而，展望未來，應以行政院、司法院會銜草案之「所得分配制」，大致較為可採。 Article 1030-1 of the civil code Part IV Family, which formally evaluates the market value of housework performed by homemakers, was amended on June 3, 1985 to better secure the interests of the homemakers. Since the above-mentioned Article has tremendous impact on marital relations, its significance cannot be understated. Despite the simplicity of its provision, ambiguities within the Article have hindered its application. For instance, when dividing property in an unresolved marital dispute, should a spouse purposely under-report the total value of his or her property as to prevent or undercut the other spouse from receiving his or her share of the residual marital property, such actions would thus adversely affects the claim for distribution. Loopholes such as the one illustrated renders the Article useless. Therefore, this paper will attempt to resolve some important issues raised by the Article's underlying principles and propose a solution. Furthermore, the simplistic nature of the Article also reflects the obvious need for amendment. There are currently two proposed drafts in circulation: One is a bill promulgated by the Executive Yuan with the Judicial Yuan and currently under consideration by the Legislative Yuan, which is based on an income-distributing system. The other alternative is drafted by Dr. Chu-Chih Lin, which is instead based on a joint-income come system. The author will review and evaluate both approaches. The ideal system should give equal consideration to gender equality, ensuring transaction safety and marital well-being. Ensuring the orderliness of transactions should, however, take priority because gender equality only affects inter-spousal interests, but transaction security concerns the general public. Therefore, the income-distributing system jointly advanced by the Executive Yuan and the Judicial Yuan should be adopted.
關聯:	政大法學評論 69 民91.03 頁203-244
顯示於類別:	[法律學系暨法律學研究所] 期刊論文

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