利用時域相關點雷達干涉技術監測地表變形

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題名:	利用時域相關點雷達干涉技術監測地表變形 Monitoring groung surface deformation using Temporarily Coherent Point InSAR method
作者:	吳宛錚 Wu, Woan-Jeng
貢獻者:	地學研究所地質組
關鍵詞:	時域相關點雷達干涉 ALOS衛星新期構造運動地表變形 Temporarily Coherent Point In-SAR(TCP-InSAR) ALOS、New Structure Surface deformation
日期:	2014-07-10
上傳時間:	2015-02-05 11:22:06 (UTC+8)
摘要:	近年來合成孔徑雷達干涉技術（InSAR）廣泛地應用於地表測量與監測，具有空間辨識率高、覆蓋範圍大、地表形變敏感度高，以及不易受天候影響等優點。Hopper等人(2004)提出的永久散射體雷達干涉測量法（PS-InSAR），藉由影像中反射特性穩定的點位增加相位計算品質與精度，但在進行雷達影像匹配時需要達到相當的衛星影像才能找到足夠的散射體點位，其解算後的點位於山區分佈相較不足。本研究應用Zhang等人（2011）提出的時域相關點雷達干涉技術（TCP-InSAR）技術，利用最小二乘法為基礎，剔除相位模糊的資訊得到變形速率，取代PS-InSAR較容易錯誤或失敗的相位解算步驟。為了探討TCP-InSAR在台灣地區的實用性，本研究以台灣桃園、新竹、苗栗為研究區域，使用日本宇宙航空研究開發機構（JAXA）ALOS衛星的PALSAR影像，分析2007至2010年共13幅影像所得到地表變形量，利用大地測量資訊（水準測線）進行變異量率定，並配合高精度數值地形模型搭配地形與地質資料，探討區域內地表變形的分佈概況與相關成因。本研究將所設定之14次成果與93個水準測站之地表變形觀測做比較，得知此14次成果與各水準測站差值平均皆約為4mm，觀察其趨勢認為此4mm差值應為系統性誤差，扣除區域性誤差後TCP-InSAR所計算出之高程與水準測站之地表變形觀測量一致。而利用TCP-InSAR與湖口斷層地質條帶圖剖面比較，發現TCP-InSAR成果剖面與地形及地下構造趨勢一致，且得知湖口楊梅背斜前所得之地表變形量平均每年均下降約1mm至2mm，因此可推斷湖口斷層之變動很可能是因背斜擠壓抬升時造成背斜前端下陷之現象。本研究使用TCP-InSAR觀測竹苗地區之成果密度，每平方公里約為234個地表觀測點相較於GPS測站或是水準測站等定點觀測，可更有效獲取大面積的地表變形資訊。 In the past years, radar interferometry techniques have been developed well and are widely used to ground change monitoring and terrain deformation detection. Spaceborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) is a valuable technique for measuring surface deformations due to its high spatial resolution and its ability of acquiring data remotely. Hooper et al., (2004) use PS-InSAR technique, PS-InSAR can be used to extract persistent scatterers (PS) and then to determine the displacement velocities on them. The phase quality of these PS is better than other scatterers so that the accuracy of PS-InSAR can be improved effectively. But this technique need more radar images and one common drawback of PS-InSAR methods is the requirement of phase unwrapping. Because of errors induced from phase unwrapping, techniques sometimes fail to estimate correctly the parameters from a stack of interferograms. In this study, we try to appliced Temporarily Coherent Point InSAR method (TCP-InSAR)(Zhang et al., 2010) , to monitoring the surface deformation in the area TCP-InSAR propose a least-squaresbased method that can select efficiently arcs without phase ambiguities and resolve reliably the deformation parameters at coherent points, an outlier detector is used to identify and remove the arcs with phase ambiguities, and a pseudoinverse of the variance–covariance matrix is used as the weight matrix of the correlated observations. The deformation rates at coherent points are estimated with a least squares model constrained by reference points. The proposed approach is verified with a set of simulated data. That allows one to estimate deformations without the need of phase unwrapping. The approach is validated using a test located in MiaoLi Taiwan, ALOS PALSAR images are used to provide 13 combinations of image pairs , analysis MiaoLi surface deformation from 2007 to 2010, with other data (leveling, GPS, geology map and groundwater map ) wish could be accurate observations of the surface deformation.
顯示於類別:	[地質系] 博碩士論文

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