目的：藉由改變不同寬度 (肩寬向外放置150% ;肩寬向內縮50%) 與不同高度落下 (10、15、20公分) 之增強式伏地挺身動作，分析其上肢動力學與運動學參數之改變。方法：以15名中國文化大學甲組網球、桌球與拳擊隊運動員為受試者，使用11部 Motion 攝影機，2個 AMTI 測力板，3個高度台子來進行，使用SPSS統計軟體以重複量數2×3two-way ANOVA來進行分析。結果：上肢角度：兩個變因之間皆未達到交互作用，改變寬度的結果下主要效果只有肘與腕的角度有達到顯著差異 (p = 0.001、p = 0.014)，改變高度均未達到顯著差異。上肢關節角度最大值：改變寬度的結果下主要效果只有肘達到顯著差異 (p = 0.044)，改變高度未達到顯著差異。上肢關節角速度最大值：兩個變因交互作用方面只有著地向下期肘關節與腕關節角速度達到顯著差異 (p = 0.048、p = 0.033)，單純主要效果在窄寬之間在20公分統計上肘關節與腕關節角速度達顯著差異 (p = 0.037、p = 0.033)，其餘均未達到顯著差異。上肢支撐時間：改變寬度的結果下主要效果慣用手與雙手均達到顯著差異 (p = 0.038、p = 0.045)，改變高度均未達到顯著差異。上肢推蹬力：改變寬度的結果下主要效果碰撞力、慣用手推蹬力、雙手推蹬力均達到顯著差異 (p = 0.002、p = 0.019、p = 0.003)，改變高度只有碰撞力達到顯著差異 (p = 0.003)，其餘均未達到顯著差異。上肢負荷率、發力率：改變寬度的結果下主要效果均達到顯著差異(p< 0.001、p< 0.001、p = 0.037)，改變高度只有雙手發力率達到顯著差異 (p = 0.001)，其餘未達到顯著差異。結論：改變高度與寬度的增強式伏地挺身，確實會造成動力學與運動學參數的改變。而我們所研究的上肢增強式伏地挺身的結果，可以幫助上肢增強式訓練的完善，藉由調整高度與寬度，針對所需加強的地方做改變，在一些有上肢受傷史的選手身上，也可以達到藉由調整運動學的角度避免二次傷害的發生。
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze the parameters of kinetics and kinematics in upper limbs by changing different widths (outward of 150% shoulder width; inward of 50% shoulder width) and different heights (10，15，20 cm) during an plyometric push-up. Method: 15 college students of Division I tennis, table tennis and box teams from Chinese Culture University voluntarily participated the study. 11 cameras, 2 AMTI plates and 3 different-height platforms were used during the test. SPSS statistics software was used to do the analysis with 2x3 two-way ANOVA method. Result: Angle of upper limbs: No interaction was found between the two factors. Only the angle of elbow and of wrist showed the main effect in the change of width(p = 0.001，p = 0.014). Maximal angle of upper limbs: Only the angle of elbow showed the main effect in the change of width (p = 0.044). Maximal angular velocity of upper limbs: Interaction was found between the two factors in elbow and wrist joint during the downward period (p = 0.048，p = 0.033). The elbow and wrist joint showed simple main effect in 20 cm width (p = 0.037，p = 0.033). Supporting time of upper limbs: The dominant hand and two hands showed main effect in the change of width (p = 0.038，p = 0.045). Ground reaction force of upper limbs: Impact force and the push force of the dominant hand and two hands showed the main effect in the change of width (p = 0.002，p = 0.019，p = 0.003). Only impact force showed the main effect in the change of height (p = 0.003). Loading rate and rate of force development of upper limbs: Impact force and the push force of the dominant hand and two hands showed the main effect in the change of width (p< 0.001，p< 0.001，p = 0.037). Only rate of force development of two hands force showed the main effect in the change of height (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Different drop-heights and arm-widths can make the difference in the parameters of kinetics and kinematics. According to our testing results, we can improve the plyometric training for upper limbs by adjusting specific height and width corresponding to the specific body places that need the enhancement. We can also prevent repeative injuries by adjusting angle parameter of kinematics for someone who had injury history on the upper limbs.
