目的：釐清訓練大周期理論中的時期劃分模式與區塊系統模式之論述特性和觀點邏輯，為臺灣運動訓練學領域提供多元的理論模式觀點。方法：探用文獻分析法，從文本中爬梳運動訓練大周期不同模式的歷史脈絡發展和學術論戰成果，並比較不同模式根本異同之處。結果：時期劃分模式將訓練大周期劃分為準備期、比賽期和過渡期，三個時期因所要達成的任務不同，每個時期一般訓練和專項訓練的比重各異，負荷量和負荷強度的走勢不一。區塊系統模式由不同任務之區塊所組成，每個區塊裡選擇少數幾個對運動專項成績具有重大影響的機體素質，以提高負荷強度的方式對其進行加強，並且以比賽來檢視訓練成效。結語：區塊系統模式建立時間不長，雖不足以動搖時期劃分模式的地位，但有著相當大的研究發展潛力，這將是臺灣運動訓練理論研究的契機。釐清運動訓練大周期不同理論模式的特性，能幫助臺灣運動教練選擇適合的理論模式，作為制定訓練大周期計畫的方向指引。
Purpose: To clarify the discursive feature and perspective of logic of periodization and block system models in macrocycle theory, this paper provides multiple theoretical perspectives for Taiwanese sport training field. Methods: It adopts literature review analysis, and clarifies the historical context development of different sport macrocycle models and the result of academic debates as well as further compares these different models. Results: The periodization model divides macrocycle into preparatory period, competitive period and transition period. These three periods aim at different tasks. While each period's training volume and intensity ratio is different, the contrast between general training and specific training is also varied. The block system model consists of blocks with different tasks. There is the tendency to choose a few organic mechanism elements, which have great influence on the result of selected sport events, in order to improve them by increasing intensity and to evaluate the training efficiency from the contest. Conclusion: Although the establishment of block system model is quite recent, and makes no threat to the status of periodization model, the block system has great research potential, and will be a new opportunity for sport training theory research in Taiwan. Clarifying the characteristic of different theoretical models of sport macrocycle will help Taiwanese sport coaches to choose the appropriate theoretical model as the guidance of making macrocycle plan.
