我國罷免體制之研究

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题名:	我國罷免體制之研究 The Study on Taiwan Recall System
作者:	許治明
贡献者:	政治學研究所碩士在職專班
关键词:	罷免制度公職人員立法委員選罷法副總統市議員公職人員立法委員副總統罷免權初選制
日期:	2006
上传时间:	2014-08-23 15:30:26 (UTC+8)
摘要:	直接民主為理想政治理念，能予權於民，選賢與能來治國，是為民所願；反之，能將不賢者去職，必須予人民以罷免權。我國目前罷免所及職位，除總統副總統之罷免，由立法院負責提議再由人民罷免外；立法委員、院轄市議員、市長、縣（市）議員、縣（市）長、鄉（鎮、市）民代表、村（里）長之罷免，都由人民直接進行。由於職務之故，辦理選舉、罷免業務工作多年。為求取理論與實務經驗之結合，遂產生研究動機。全文共分為六章：第一章緒論，主要內容為研究動機與方法，研究架構與研究方法，研究範圍及限制。第二章從直接民主價值歷史經驗價值與運作，來探討近代直接民主之理念及追求妥協式的民主。第三章罷免制度在民主政治之定位，從政治人才選拔之反思，如何強化責任政治，同時利用罷免制度，並加強職位流動，再進而分析民主國家之罷免制度。第四章關於我國罷免制度，根據憲政體制與選罷法，研究總統副總統、立法委員、院轄市市議員及縣市以下公職人員等罷免過程之罷免制度。第五章分析我國罷免程序之模式及探討中央、地方實施罷免權之經驗。第六章結論發現現代為代議制度之民主，為達到直接民主制度之理念，而人類進而發展出有選舉、罷免、創制、複決、公民投票，甚至初選制之手段。而罷免制度是直接民主手段之一，其目的在達到賢者治國之理念，罷免制度是備而不用，罷免在制度上當然有其限制，罷免制度實施要考慮到選舉區問題，政黨政治如何與議會、議員間之互動，中央、地方公職人員實施分野，並確定罷免制度各階段分際，以利罷免過程順利，解決人民期望之標的。學以致用，得以廣用，以利國家政務推展之參考，人類社會才有進步；研究罷免現況缺失，提供建言，是本論文所期望。 Direct democracy is an ideal political conviction. It empowers citizens to choose good and competent people to govern a county and it is the best wish of a citizen.. However, on the other hand, citizens are also required the right to recall those who are not qualified to serve the country. Currently, apart from the recall of President and Vice President which shall be proposed by Legislative Yuan before citizens taking action, the recall of legislators, municipal councilors, mayors, county (city) councilors, county (city) magistrates, county (township) representatives, and chiefs of villages is directly made by citizens. Due to my job, I have engaged in election and recall affairs for many years. In order to integrate theory with practical experience, I have come up with the motivation of this study. It includes the following six chapters. The 1st chapter is the introduction. It describes the motivation and methodologies of this study, recall’s statutory norms, study structure and methods, and the scope as well as restriction of the study. Based on the historical experience value and operation of direct democratic value, the 2nd chapter investigates the direct democratic philosophy occurred in the modern times, and the model, types and value of modern direct democratic experience. In the chapter 3, it describes the positioning of the recall system in the democratic politics, and by looking the election of the political figures, it details how the politics of responsibility shall be reinforced. At the same time, by utilizing recall system, it suggests the enhancement of the post mobility, and further analyzes the recall system prevailing in democratic countries. . The 4th chapter describes our recall system. Based on the election and recall law, it investigates the recall system for the process to recall president, vice president, legislators, municipal councilor and county/city officials. The 5th chapter analyses the mode of our recall procedure and probes the right of recall experienced by the central and regional governments. The 6th chapter concludes that with the representative system we have in our democracy, in order to achieve our goal of direct democratic system, we have further developed a system covering election, recall, initiative, referendum, and plebiscite. The system is even extended to use preliminary system as an approach. Recall system is one of the approaches to direct democracy. Its purpose is to elect competent people to govern the country. In a way, recall system is a tool to be used as the last resort. Recall has its limitations in its system. Election regions shall be taken into account in its enforcement. How a political party shall interact with legislators and councilors and how central and regional official shall divide their responsibility are also included in this chapter. At the same time, the phases to carry out recall system are also defined in this chapter, so as to have smooth recall process and meet the public’s expectations. We shall put what we have learned into practice, and widely apply it. I hope the results of this study will be used as the reference for our country to promote its politics, so our society can make headway. I also anticipate that by investigating the strength and weakness of our current recall status, practical recommendations will be provided to our country.
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